Mombasa guinea grass forms large tussocks to 2 m, with stems tinged. Dm yields in other panicum species are in panicum antidotal, 223 in p. Further more increased seed yield of panicum maximum under intercropping was attributed to its better ear production, spike length and potential sink strength. Scatterplot of the relation between annual precipitation at collection site and width of leaf of panicum maximum accessions. Initial selections were made from plants grown on an oxisol with ph 4. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. The two crops panicum maximum and maize can also be harvested together for silage or hay after the maize cobs has been harvested. First products from the breeding program are now entering the market. The plant often has shortlycreeping rhizomes at the base and can also produce new roots at the lower nodes of the culms. Digestibility by cattle and water buffaloes, related to season and herbage growth stage. Guinea grass used to be known as panicum maximum jacq. The results of more than fifty estimates 1 of herbage yield and ninetyseven analyses of chemical composition are presented in the first of several reports on nutritive evaluation studies of panicum maximum guinea grass. The seeds were handbroadcast on to the seed beds and the seed lightly surfaceraked into the soil.
Guinea grass is native to africa and blooms year round. The proportion of the p present as phytate in 11 forages varied from 30% in panicum maximum to 85% in chloris gayana, with a mean of 52% lakkegowda et al. Pdf metabolite and transcript profiling of guinea grass. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the plants classification report. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Characterization of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from. Megathyrsus maximus was formerly known as panicum maximum, placed in a subgenus of panicum, within the grass subfamily panicoideae. Panicum panicgrass is a large genus of about 450 species of grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. A perennial biomass grass for efficient production of feedstock for the biobased economy. As the stems bend and nodes touch the ground, roots and new plants are formed.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Panicum maximum article about panicum maximum by the free. Large tufted perennial grass, up to 34 m tall, culms mostly erect, often robust, glabrous to pubescent. Digestibility by cattle and water buffaloes, related to season and herbage growth stage volume 69 issue 2 w. Mombasa guinea grass was introduced into brazil from tanzania in 1993, from near korogwe, tanzania 5. Information about panicum maximum from weeds of hawaiis pastures and natural areas. The seeds were handbroadcast on to the seed beds and the seed lightly surface raked into the soil. Effect of nitrogen on yield and quality of panicum maximum cvv. The taxonomy is somewhat confused because of the size and diversity of the panicum genus.
The plants database includes the following 72 species of panicum. The stems of this robust grass can reach a height of up to 2 m. Megathyrsus maximus an overview sciencedirect topics. Panicum maximum article about panicum maximum by the. The nutritive value of panicum maximum guinea grass ii. These three species are very similar in a great number of aspects such as lifecycle, growth habit, and the crops they are a problem in. Treatments the experimental design was a factorial combination of five plant proportions and three. This subfamily includes over 3000 species, approximately 500 of them in the polymorphic and polyphyletic genus panicum. They are often large, annual or perennial grasses, growing to m tall. An panicum maximum in nahilalakip ha genus nga panicum, ngan familia nga poaceae. Panicum laevinode often purpletinged, decumbent, weedy annual.
The flowers are produced in a welldeveloped panicle often up to 60 cm in length with numerous seeds, which are 16 mm long and 1. Characterisation of a collection of perennial panicum species core. Mombasa tropical forage grass and tropical pasture grass species. Metabolite and transcript profiling of guinea grass panicum maximum jacq response to elevated co2 and temperature article pdf available in metabolomics 154. Herbage yield increased at an increasing rate with maturity, and was depressed by about 40 % in the dry season. Panicum maximum grass seeds global tropical seeds cc. Pdf potential of panicum maximum as a source of energy. Nitrogen economy, seed production efficiency and seed vigour of.
Panicum miliaceum proso millet is grown in china as a cereal crop. Mombaca under three densities of fertilization with nitrogen. Wildproso millet panicum milaceum fall panicum panicum dichotomiflorum witchgrass panicum capillare i included these species together to make a more extensive and complete search for information. The plant often has shortlycreeping rhizomes at the base and can. Pdf morphogenic and structural characteristics of panicum. Effect of intercropping panicum maximum with maize zea. Panicum antidotale blue panic grass, blue panicum pfaf plant.
Dry matter yield and nutritional quality of panicum maximum 2233 latitude and 119 o25119 longitude with 8 m elevation above sea level. Megathyrsus maximus, known as guinea grass and green panic grass in english, is a large perennial bunch grass that is native to africa, palestine, and yemen. Page 4 forages that make a difference gliricidia sepium to enhance bali cattle production in. Hybrid resulting from crosses made in colombia between the best 8 panicum maximum introductions and sexual tift 49. Panicum maximum ufifas center for aquatic and invasive. Panicum maximum was first accidentally introduced to the hawaiian islands with living plants from abroad about 1870. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Poaceae update for itis, in cooperation with natureserve, and based on the catalogue of new world grasses database and other sources. There are more than 400 species, which are distributed in the tropics, subtropics, and temperate. In 2003, the subgeneric name megathyrsus was raised to generic rank and the plant was renamed megathyrsus maximus jacq. Download a page pdf from identification and biology of nonnative plants in floridas natural areas second edition 1 here is another large nonnative grass growing in florida.
Click on each image to see a larger version and details of the record view all images 14 photo. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by wind. Differences in dmd between introductions of panicum spp. Fifteen digestibility trials were conducted in the wet, early dry, and late dry seasons in the philippines. Michaelis constants k m were determined for the exchange reaction, the carboxylation reaction, and the decarboxylation reaction. Ideal for cutandcarry,although bristly types may cause. Tanzaniapurple td58 known as guinea grass or tanganyika grass or buffalo grassenglish speaking countries native to tanzania,africa and introduced to most tropical and subtropical countries. Dry matter production in plants of guinea grass in. Continue on page 2 guinea grass breeding in brazil new panicum maximum cultivars for grazing better soils.
While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Panicum for sale buy switchgrass panicum virgatum plant. In addition to serving as the source plant of the biofuel movement, panicum is a tall ornamental grass that dominates the us prairies and also grows in north carolina. However, the name panicum maximum is still found in literature posterior to 2003. Has been used successfully for making silage and hay. The spikelets are very popular amongst seedeating birds. Since the 1990s commercial cultivars originated from germplasm collections. Among the grasses, guinea grass panicum maximum jacq.
It has been introduced in the tropics around the world. The k m values for oxaloacetate and atp in the decarboxylation reaction were found to be lower than the k m values for the substrates used in the. Usesapplications long term pasture if fertility maintained. Carbon translocation, panicum maximum, source sink, specific activity, tiller hierarchy. Provided by smithsonian institution, department of botany.
Most animals in the world feed on panicum maximum as the grass has good quality either as forage, silage or hay provided it cured properly. It was moved to genus megathyrsus, which it shares with one other species, m. Panicum maximum is a perennial, tufted grass with a short, creeping rhizome. Panicum maximum is a densely clumpforming, perennial grass with erect or ascending culms. Guinea grass is a perennial grass with robust stem. Panicum maximum uses guinea grass is probably the most valuable grazing grass in its area of distribution. List of plant pictures by scientific name scientific. Forage yield and nutritive value of panicum maximum. Stems are stout, somewhat flattened, with long hairs at the swollen joints, with leaves 1030 inches long, 121 inch wide. Panicum maximum guinea grass was fed at growth stages of 14 months to bos taurus holstein, bos indicus red sindhi, and bos bubalis water buffalo bulls significant differences were shown between digestibility coefficients from water buffaloes and those from holstein cattle. Panicum millet, a genus of annual herbaceous plants of the family gramineae. Panicum antidotale blue panic grass, blue panicum pfaf. There are more than 400 species, which are distributed in the tropics, subtropics, and temperate zones of asia, america, and africa.
Values as low as 2% have been reported for dried m. Effect of intercropping panicum maximum with maize zea mays. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Description guinea grass is a tufted perennial with 30 mm leaf blades. In addition to serving as the source plant of the biofuel movement, panicum is a tall ornamental grass that dominates the us prairies and also grows in. Panicum maximum ufifas center for aquatic and invasive plants. It is also endowed with virtues like profuse tillering, high leafiness, thin stems, short duration, etc. It is particularly palatable, delivers a high leaf production and usually occurs in abundance in good veld. Biotic factors there has been much attention, perhaps overdue, to nfixation by guineagrass in symbiosis with the nfixing bacterium spirillum lipoferum.
Panicum maximum is a robust perennial grass, 37 feet tall which forms large bunches with very short, thick rootstalks. Pdf on sep 1, 20, liana jank and others published potential of panicum maximum as a source of energy find, read and cite all the research you need on. The nutritive value of panicum maximum guinea grass. Effects of stage of maturity and season are discussed. Genetic diversity in guinea grass panicum maximum jacq. Early diagnostic features included length and texture of the lower glume, position of the spikelet in relation to the main axis and presence of bristles below the. This page was last edited on 19 december 2019, at 22. Morphogenic and structural characteristics of panicum maximum jacq. Most cases have been in midatlantic states fall panicum, but they also occur in texas klein grass. Pdf characterisation of a collection of perennial panicum species. Pagina 8 van 28 1 centre of origin, climate and soil requirements and current distribution 1. Genomic selection with allele dosage in panicum maximum. In midatlantic area outbreaks, the condition has always been associated with feeding of current season hay in late fall and early winter.
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